What is Yoga? The Eight Limbs of Yoga: A Holistic Path to Self-Realisation

"Asanas are the physical poses practiced in yoga"

What is Yoga? Well, you may have heard many times that Yoga is not merely about the physical aspect which is explored through asanas (poses), well its true! So what is it? Think of Yoga as a way of life.

Yoga is a philosophy, a comprehensive system that encompasses physical, mental, and spiritual practices also known as ‘The Eight Limbs of Yoga’. The concept of the Eight Limbs of Yoga originates from ancient India and is attributed to Sage Patanjali. Around 200-400 BCE, Patanjali compiled and codified the Yoga Sutras, which outline these eight limbs as a path leading to liberation or freedom. This system is also known as Ashtanga Yoga (where “ashta” means “eight” and “anga” means “limb”).

The eight principles provide a roadmap for practitioners to work towards achieving self-realisation and inner peace. They can also guide us toward living a balanced and harmonious life - so let’s explore them:

1. Yama (Moral Disciplines)

The Yamas are five external restraints or moral guidelines that help us interact with others and the world around us:

• Ahimsa (Non-violence) Practice compassion and avoid causing harm to yourself and others.
  

• Satya (Truthfulness) Be honest and transparent in your thoughts, words, and actions.
  

• Asteya (Non-stealing) Avoid taking what doesn't belong to you, both materially and emotionally.
  

• Brahmacharya (Wise use of energy) Practice self-control, moderation, and balance in all aspects of life.
  

• Aparigraha (Non-greed) Let go of attachments, possessiveness, and desires.

2. Niyama (Personal Observances)

The Niyamas are five internal restraints that focus on self-discipline and inner purification:

• Saucha (Purity) Keep your body, mind, and surroundings clean.
  

• Santosha (Contentment) Cultivate gratitude and find contentment in the present moment.
  

• Tapas (Austerity/Discipline) Practice self-discipline and perseverance.
  

• Svadhyaya (Self-study) Reflect on your thoughts, emotions, and actions.
  

• Ishvara Pranidhana (Devotion) Trust in a higher power and surrender your ego.

3. Asana (Physical Postures)

Asanas are the physical poses practiced in yoga. Often, the more popular entry point of yoga for newbies - as it challenges the body and offers a way to stay in shape! Asanas help to improve flexibility, strength, and balance. However, the true purpose of performing the asanas is to prepare the body for meditation and inner exploration.

4. Pranayama (Breath Control)

"By controlling the breath, we balance our life force (prana) and calm the mind"

Pranayama involves conscious regulation of the breath. By controlling the breath, we balance our life force (prana) and calm the mind. Commonly used techniques include Ujjayi (ocean breath), Nadi Shodhana (alternate nostril breathing), and Kapalabhati (breath of fire).

5. Pratyahara (Withdrawal of Senses)

Pratyahara teaches us to turn our attention inward by withdrawing from external distractions. It prepares us for meditation and self-reflection.

6. Dharana (Concentration)

Dharana is the practice of focusing the mind on a single point or object. It enhances mental clarity and prepares us for meditation.

"Through meditation, we connect with our inner self and experience inner peace"

7. Dhyana (Meditation)

Dhyana is the uninterrupted flow of awareness toward a chosen object. Through meditation, we connect with our inner self and experience inner peace.

8. Samadhi (Self-Realisation)

Samadhi is the ultimate goal of yoga. It is a state of complete absorption, where the practitioner realises their true nature. In Samadhi, the individual reaches realisation of the soul.

"Yoga aids physical health and mental clarity"

The Eight Limbs of Yoga provide a holistic approach to living a meaningful and purposeful life. Whether you're a beginner or an advanced practitioner, exploring these principles can deepen your yoga journey and lead you toward self-realization. And, whilst most individuals will not reach Samadhi, the eighth limb; by integrating these practices in our daily lives, we can cultivate physical health, mental clarity, and spiritual awakening.

Remember, yoga is not about touching your toes; it's about what you learn on the way!

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